Official English Name: Argentine Republic
Official Local Name(s): Republica Argentina
Common English Name: Argentina
Capital: Buenos Aires

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Official Language(s)

Spanish
Secondary Languages: Italian, English, German, French, Quechua

Resources

Lead, Zinc, Tin, Copper, Iron ore, Manganese, Petroleum, Uranium

Neighbors

Chile (South and West), Bolivia (Northwest), Paraguay (Northeast), Brazil (East), Uruguay (East)

Ethnic groups

White (97%), Mestizo (3%)

People

Est. Population:

43,886,748

Demonym:

Argentine

Religions:

Roman Catholic (92%)
Protestant (2%)
Jewish (2%)

Largest City:

Buenos Aires (3,050,728)

Other Cities:

Córdoba (1,372,000)
Rosario (1,242,000)
Mendoza (885,000)
San Miguel de Tucumán (789,000)
La Plata (732,000)

Geography

Region:

Southern South America

Bodies of Water:

Atlantic Ocean (East)

Total Area:

2,780,400 km2
(98.4% land, 1.6% water)

Total Land:

11,968 km

Total Coastline:

4,989 km

Climate

Mostly temperate
Arid in southeast
Sub-antarctic in southwest

Terrain:

Rich plains in the north
Flat to rolling plateau in the south
Rugged mountains along western border

Highest Point

Cerro Aconcagua (6,960 m)

Lowest Point

Laguna del Carbon (-105 m)

Natural Disasters

Earthquakes
Heavy winds
Flooding
Volcanic activity

Government

Type:

Republic

Head of State and Government:

President Alberto Fernández

Admin. Divisions

23 Provinces

Independence:

9 July 1816 (from Spain)

Nat'l Symbol:

Sun of May

Nat'l Anthem:

Himno Nacional Argentino

Economy

GDP Per Capita

$22,600 (USD)

Currency

$ (Argentine Peso)

Exchange Rate

$1 (USD) = $ (Argentine Peso)31.47

Communication

Internet Code

.ar

Telephone Code

+54

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Cultural Notes

Buenos Aires has the second largest Jewish population in the Americas, after New York City.
Argentinians, despite being known for being blunt and straightforward, are also very tactful.
Pato, despite not being particularly popular compared to football (soccer), is the national sport of Argentina. It is a game played on horseback.

Sources

https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ar.html (Majority of information)
http://www.indec.gob.ar/nivel2_default.asp?id_tema=2&seccion=P (Population of cities)
Wolfram|Alpha (Currency exchange data)
Information accurate to best of ability as of 24 October 2016